Effect of Four Modes Application Technique on Science Secondary School Students' Knowledge Retention in Chemistry

Abstract

The paper investigated the effects of the Four Modes Application Technique (4MAT) on improving science learners’ knowledge retention in Chemistry in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State, Nigeria. The paper answered two research questions and tested two hypotheses. A quasi-experimental design was employed, specifically pre-test-posttest-post-posttest nonequivalent group design. The study sample consisted of 115 SS II Chemistry students, divided into an Experimental group (56 students) and a control group (59 students) sampled through simple random sampling technique. Chemistry Achievement Test (CAT), with a reliability of 0.90 served as a data collection instrument. Treatment group was instructed using the 4MAT method, while the Control group received instruction via the lecture method. Data were analysed using Mean, standard deviation and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results of the study revealed that there was a significant difference in knowledge retention favouring the experimental group. The study recommends adopting the 4MAT teaching strategy in Chemistry education to enhance students’ retention without gender disparity.