Educational Advancement and Development Journal
Educational Advancement and Development Journal (EAD JOURNAL) is an anonymous peer-reviewed scholarly publication by NEAD Africa, an organisation focused on advancing academic and professional discourse in various fields relevant to the African continent. The journal aims to provide a platform for researchers, academics, and professionals to publish their findings, share insights, and discuss emerging trends and challenges within their areas of expertise.
In-Service Training Needs of Teachers for Effective Teaching of Agricultural Science in Secondary Schools in Benue State, Nigeria
The study determined the in-service training needs of teachers for effective teaching of agricultural science in secondary schools in Benue state Nigeria. . Survey research designed was adopted for the study. Three objectives and three research questions were used for the study. The population of the study was 295 participants, comprising 193 old Agricultural service teachers and 102 new Agricultural service teachers. All the population was used because it was manageable for the researchers to handle. Questionnaire title: In-service Training Needs questionnaire (ITNQ) was the instrument which was face and content validated by three (3) experts, all from Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi. To ensure the reliability of the instrument, it was trial tested on 30 respondents. Data was collected and analysed using Cronbach Alpha formula to determine the reliability coefficient of 0.94. The instruments were administered with the help of three trained research assistants. The instrument was an open-ended structure with a four-point rating scale response options of highly needed (HN), slightly needed (SN), not needed (NN), very high extent (VHE), high extent (HE), low extent (LE) and very low extent (VLE) with corresponding values of 4, 3, 2 and 1, respectively. Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer research questions. The benchmark was that any item with a mean value of 2.50 or above was regarded as needed, while any item with a mean value of less than 2.50 was regarded as not needed. It was concluded that both old and new teachers need in-service training for effective teaching of Agricultural science in secondary schools in Benue state. It was therefore recommended among others that the government should make provision for training and retaining of teachers through seminars, workshops and conferences.
Copyright (c) 2026 T. S. Shijah, G. E. Ekele (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Determination of Skills Required in Duck Production for Self-Reliance Among Youths of South-South, Nigeria
The study determined the skills required in duck production for self-reliance among youths in south-south, Nigeria. Questionnaire Survey research design was used for the study. Three objectives, three research questions and two hypotheses were used for the study. The population for the study was 6,594 comprises of 6,347 poultry farmers and 247 extension agents. The sample size for the study was 377 which was determined using the Taro Yamane Formula. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled Duck Production Skills for Self-Reliance Questionnaire (DPSSRQ). The instrument was face and content validated by five (5) experts: two experts from Agricultural Education, one expert in poultry production from the Department of Animal Production and another in Test Measurement and Evaluation, all from Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University. To ensure the reliability of the instrument, it was trial tested on 30 respondents comprising 25 poultry farmers and 5 agricultural extension agents from Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue state. Data was collected and analysed using Cronbach alpha which a reliability index of 0.83 indicating that the instruments were reliable. A total of 377 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the subjects with the help of five trained research assistants, but only 358 were retrieved, which were used for data analysis. The questionnaire was on 4-point response options of Highly Required (HR=4), Moderately Required (MR=3), Slightly Required (SR=2) and Not Required (NR=1). Mean and standard deviation were used to answer research questions, while t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at .05 level of significance. In answering the research questions, a score of 2.50 and above was regarded as required, while less than 2.50 was regarded as not required. On the other hand, in testing the hypotheses where the p-value of 0.05 was equal to or less than the alpha value, the null hypothesis was rejected; otherwise, it was accepted. Based on the finding of the study, it was concluded that youths in South-South Nigeria require 97 skills for self-reliance in duck production. They are skills in planning (12 items and 9 items) and skills in breeding. The study also proved that for self-reliance in duck production, youths in South-South required necessary skills as identified in the study. It was therefore recommended that youths should seek for retraining on the planning skills identified in this study for better preparation of duck production.
Copyright (c) 2025 A. A. Ochuema, G. E. Ekele, D. G. Weever, A. B. Wombo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Roles of Digital Financial Strength in Enhancing Nigeria’s Post-Pandemic Economic Resilience (2015-2024): An Ardl Analysis with Structural Breaks
This study rigorously investigates the structural impact of Digital Financial Strength (DFS) on Economic Resilience (ER) in Nigeria across the highly volatile period of 2015 to 2024. Addressing the methodological challenge of multiple regime shifts (e.g., 2016 oil shock, 2020 pandemic), the research employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, incorporating a Zivot-Andrews structural break test and a 2020:Q2 shock dummy. The ARDL Bounds Test confirms a stable long-run co-integrating relationship. The estimated long-run elasticity of DFS on ER is highly significant and positive at 0.85, suggesting the massive expansion in the real value of digital transactions has created a structural, shock-mitigating component within the Nigerian economy. This finding argues that the financial ecosystem has achieved the critical mass necessary to generate significant resilience benefits, effectively countering arguments of "digital prematurity”. In contrast, Inflation (INF) poses the greatest systemic drag, with a coefficient of -0.60. Analysis of the short-run dynamics reveals an exceptionally rapid speed of adjustment, with the Error Correction Term (ECMt-1) coefficient at -0.75. This implies 75% of any disequilibrium is corrected and restored to the long-run path within one quarter, a mechanism facilitated by digital payment systems. The 2020:Q2 dummy confirms an acute, immediate negative shock (-1.20), from which the high adjustment speed enabled a swift recovery. The author recommends that the Central Bank of Nigeria should prioritise structural inflation control as a cornerstone of macroeconomic stability also policy efforts must urgently accelerate the deepening of Nigeria’s digital infrastructure and regulatory framework.
Copyright (c) 2025 Adekunle Christopher Williams, Abisola Morenike Onabajo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Towards Enhancing Social Studies Education Through the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Junior Secondary Schools in Nigeria
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into education offers transformative possibilities, particularly for enhancing teaching and learning in developing nations such as Nigeria. This position paper conceptually reviews the potential role of AI in improving Social Studies education at the Junior Secondary School (JSS) level in Nigeria. It examines both the opportunities and the systemic challenges of AI adoption in this educational context. The analysis highlights that AI technologies can revolutionize Social Studies instruction by enabling personalised learning pathways, fostering critical thinking and civic literacy, and creating interactive and engaging learning experiences connected to real-world issues. However, significant structural and pedagogical obstacles hinder effective implementation, including the acute digital divide, inadequate digital infrastructure, limited teacher preparedness, high costs of technology deployment, and pressing ethical concerns surrounding data privacy and algorithmic bias. Despite these challenges, the prospects remain promising if addressed through proactive policy measures, substantial public and private investment in teacher training, and the development of culturally relevant AI tools tailored to the Nigerian educational system. The study recommends a collaborative and phased approach involving government agencies, educators, technology developers, and local communities to ensure the equitable, ethical, and sustainable integration of AI into Social Studies education. It concludes that AI is not a replacement for teachers but rather a powerful strategic tool to enhance pedagogical practices and equip Nigerian students with essential 21st-century civic and technological skills. Realising the full potential of AI in Social Studies requires strategic planning and an inclusive policy framework to prevent the exacerbation of existing educational inequalities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Joyce Oguromsi Osagie, Oladokun O. Ogunniyi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Teachers’ Utilisation of Information and Communication Technology Facilities and Tourism Teaching Effectiveness in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between Teachers’ utilisation of ICT facilities and Tourism teaching effectiveness in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. To achieve the purpose of the study, two null hypotheses were formulated and were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The survey research design was adopted for the study. A sample of two hundred (300) respondents were selected through stratified random sampling technique and used for the study. Questionnaire was the only instrument used for data collection in the study. The questionnaire was tagged: Teachers’ Utilisation of ICT facilities and Tourism teaching effectiveness Questionnaire (TUIFTEQ). Pearson product moment correlation coefficient statistical analysis was used for data analysis in the study. Results from data analysis in the study revealed that the use of computers and televisions significantly relate with Tourism teaching effectiveness in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. Based on the results obtained from the study, the researcher recommended that adequate ICT facilities should be provided in all schools in the study area, and municipal authorities responsible for monitoring schools should ensure that they engage in routine monitoring exercises to ensure adequate and effective utilisation and the attainment of educational goals in the study area and beyond.
Copyright (c) 2025 Titus E. Etefia, Eno Etim Unoh, Mary Nelson Okorie, Aniekan Evarist Bassey (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
From Scholars to Scammers: Analysing the Impact of Cybercrime Glamorisation on the Educational Development of Nigerian Youths and its Implications for National Development
This study empirically investigates the impact of cybercrime glamorisation in Nigerian digital media on youth educational aspirations and national development. Employing a quantitative cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 367 Nigerian youth aged 16-25 through an online questionnaire, supplemented by content analysis of Afrobeats videos and Nollywood clips. Findings revealed a significant negative correlation between exposure to glamorised “Yahoo-Yahoo” content and both perceived value of education (r = -0.421, p < .001) and academic engagement (r = -0.387, p < .001), confirming that media glamorisation erodes educational aspirations. Paradoxically, higher exposure correlated with a stronger perception of its detrimental impact on national development (r = 0.285, p < .001), indicating youth critical awareness despite influence. The study concludes that cybercrime glamorisation constitutes a significant non-economic barrier to human capital development, diverting youth potential from productive pathways. It recommends targeted social work interventions, including media literacy programmes and counter-narrative campaigns, to mitigate this threat and re-channel youth energies toward national development goals. The research provides crucial empirical evidence linking media narratives to developmental outcomes, filling a gap in existing literature.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fidelis Aboh, Emmanuel Ngele, Emmanuel Okom, Paul Amoke (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Evaluation of Competency Needs by Women Farmers in Taro Production for Increase in Food Production in Enugu State, Nigeria
The study evaluates the competency needs of women farmers in taro production in Enugu State, Nigeria. The Study used a descriptive survey research design. Two objectives, two research questions and two hypotheses were used for the study. The population for the study was 360 comprises of 345 registered women farmers and 15 extension agents. Total enumeration sampling techniques were employed because the population was not too large; therefore, the whole population was used for the study. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled 'Evaluation of competency needs of women farmers in Taro Production'. 360 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the respondents, retrieved and analysed. The data were analysed using need gap analysis to answer the research questions, while t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The needs performance was determined by calculating the mean (Xn) of the needed category for each item. The performance Gap (Gp) was therefore determined by finding the difference between Xn and Xp for each item (PG=Xn-Xp). In a situation where the value of GP is positive (+ve), it means improvement is needed because the level at which Women farmers are performing is lower than what is expected. On the other hand, where GP is negative (-ve), it means improvement is not needed because Women farmers are performing more than what is required. And when GP is zero (0), it means improvement is not needed because the level at which Women farmers are performing is equal to the level needed. In testing the hypotheses, if the P-value calculated is less than .05 level of significance, the null hypotheses will be rejected; otherwise, they will be retained. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that taro farmers need improvement in planning and planting operations in taro production in the study area. It was therefore, recommended that women farmers should be trained on planting for improved taro production and food security in the area.
Copyright (c) 2025 Innocent Okpa Ngbongha, Faith Abah Onyanta, Ochoga Enuwa Helen Oodo, Rosemary Ndack Egar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Roles of the Office of International Students and Scholars Services in Enhancing International Student Retention at a Selected Higher Institution in Kazakhstan
This study adopted a qualitative research method to investigate the role of the Office of International Students and Scholars Services (OISS) in enhancing international student retention at a selected higher institution in Kazakhstan. A phenomenological approach was employed to explore the lived experiences of the participants, which included ten first-year international master’s students and the head of the OISS to identify the institutional support services provided by the institution. Tinto’s Model of Student Retention guided the study, and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data, which were then analysed thematically. The findings of my study indicated several barriers influencing retention, such as socio-cultural adjustment difficulties, language barriers, academic pressure, limited access to psychological support, and financial stress. Hence, the study highlighted several effective institutional support services provided by the OISS to international students within the institution, including visa and documentation assistance, academic workshops, Grade Point Average (GPA) tracking system, cultural events and Russian/Kazakh language classes. However, the study also revealed gaps in academic peer mentorship, psychological services, and financial advocacy. The research highlighted that student retention is beyond enrolment; rather, it involves creating an inclusive academic environment. The study concluded by recommending the development of more effective institutional support services to help in the adjustment and integration of international students within the selected higher institution. This study provided key insights for policymakers, university administrators, and educators aiming to enhance institutional support services that foster a more inclusive academic environment and boost international student retention.
Copyright (c) 2025 Virtue Ifeoma Ayozie (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Relationship Between Human Resource Management and the Delivery of Business Education Programmes in Universities in South-South Nigeria
This study examined the relationship between human resource management and the delivery of Business education programmes in universities in South-South Nigeria. A correlational research design was adopted, and the entire population of 169 business education lecturers in ten public universities participated in the study. Data were collected with a researcher-developed questionnaire. Human Resource Management and Delivery of Business Education Programme Questionnaire (HRMDBEPQ), which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.86 using Cronbach’s alpha. Data were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). Findings revealed a strong positive and significant relationship between human resource management and achievement of programme objectives as well as the preparation of employable graduates. A weaker but significant positive relationship was also found between human resource management and preparation of self-employable graduates. These results suggest that effective human resource management is central to the quality delivery of business education programmes, though its impact on self-employability outcomes may be mediated by additional factors such as entrepreneurship curriculum and industry linkages. The study recommends that university administrators, government, and the National Universities Commission should strengthen HRM policies, training, and capacity-building initiatives to enhance programme outcomes and graduate readiness.
Copyright (c) 2025 Promise Z. O. Moses, Sunday E. Amakodi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Adoption of Green Technologies in School Farms by Agricultural Science Students for Enhancing Food Security in Abia State, Nigeria
The study appraised the adoption of green technologies in school farms by Agricultural Science students for enhancing food security in Abia state, Nigeria. Specifically, it determined: the extent of adoption, challenges and strategies for increasing the adoption of green technologies. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study was 23,169, consisting of 285 teachers and 22,884 students of Agricultural Science in Abia State. A multistage sampling method was used to obtain a sample size of 237. Questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. It was validated by experts in Crop Science and Agricultural Education from Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. Cronbach Alpha reliability method was used to determine the internal consistency of the instrument. The test yielded a coefficient of 0.83. The researcher and three research assistants administered and retrieved copies of the questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using mean to answer research questions and t-test to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that Agricultural Science students in Senior Secondary Schools adopt green technologies in school farms to a low extent. It also revealed nine challenges and eight strategies for increasing the adoption of green technologies in school farms. Findings on hypotheses revealed that there was no significant difference in the mean ratings of Agricultural Science teachers and students on the adoption of green technologies in school farms by Agricultural Science students in Abia state, Nigeria. It was recommended among others that, the Abia state Government should increase the adoption of green technologies through advocacy and capacity-building programmes in the state.
Copyright (c) 2025 Akuma Ukonu Onuka (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Strategic Innovations in Business Education and Students’ Skills Development in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions in Economic Uncertainty
This study examined strategic innovations in business education and the development of students’ professional skills within Nigerian tertiary institutions amid prevailing economic uncertainties. In a world increasingly shaped by rapid technological advancement, shifting geopolitical realities, and volatile market conditions, the imperative for business education to evolve has never been greater. As global dynamics continue to redefine employability and workplace competencies, enhancing business education to cultivate adaptability, innovation, and resilience has emerged as a strategic necessity. Drawing upon relevant literature and contemporary research insights, this paper presents a conceptual and opinion-based discourse designed to stimulate scholarly reflection and dialogue. Employing a thematic analysis framework and content analysis of secondary data, the study explores key dimensions including digital inclusivity in business education, industry-driven curriculum design, and practical skill development amid economic instability. Findings underscore that, in the face of global economic volatility, transformative and forward-looking approaches to business education are critical for preparing students who are not only employable but also capable of thriving and leading in uncertain environments. The paper concludes with practical recommendations, emphasizing the need to reimagine business curricula through the integration of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, data analytics, and digital marketing. Such curricular transformation, it argues, is pivotal in equipping graduates for digital transformation, strategic decision-making, and sustainable career growth in an unpredictable global economy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nwameze George Owhoeke, Jennifer Ifeoma Obi, Dennis Nwadede, Reginald Ordu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Perceived Impact of OLAM Farming Enterprises on Rural Farmers in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
The study identified Perceived impact of OLAM farming enterprises on rural farmers in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Two research objectives guided the study, and two research questions were raised. The paper employed a descriptive cross-sectional research survey design because data were collected from a population of 506 registered farmers using a structured questionnaire titled 'OLAM Farming Enterprises on rural farmers Questionnaire (OFERFQ). Purposive and Simple random sampling techniques were used for the study and analysed using descriptive statistics such as Mean, Frequency and Percentages. The findings revealed that OLAM impacted positively on income generation among rural farmers in the study area through its agricultural extension agents by training rural farmers on technologically driven agriculture for improved income generation and through its partnership with rural farmers, such as input distribution and repurchase of the output from farmers to avoid waste. OLAM was providing market access to rural farmers in its host rural communities, and OLAM was impacting positively on sales and marketing of farm produce among rural farmers in the study area by buying farm outputs from rural farmers during harvest at competitive prices. The findings also revealed that the agricultural company was not into feeder road construction within its host communities for an enhanced transportation system. It was concluded that OLAM farming enterprises were impacting positively on income generation and sales and marketing of farm produce among rural farmers in the study area but were not opening and developing their host rural communities through feeder road construction. It was recommended that OLAM farming enterprises should take their Corporate Social Responsibilities to their host rural communities seriously, and the Nasarawa state government should persuade OLAM farming enterprise’s managers to give back to their host rural communities in the study area by initiating feeder road construction for an enhanced transportation system.
Copyright (c) 2025 A. Iorhee, D. G Weever, M. T. Lan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Assessing Financial Literacy on Agricultural Education Graduates’ Engagement in Ganoderma Mushroom Enterprises in Abia State, Nigeria
The study assessed the influence of financial literacy on Agricultural Education graduates’ engagement in Ganoderma mushroom enterprises in Abia state, Nigeria. Specifically, the study determined the influence of financial literacy on Agricultural Education graduates in the planning, production and marketing of Ganoderma mushrooms. It adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population for the study was 684 Agricultural Education graduates currently engaged as teachers in the Abia state Secondary Education Management Board. A sample size of 135, was drawn from the population, using multi-stage sampling. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire. The instrument was validated by three experts: one each in Agricultural Education, Biology and Entrepreneurship Development from Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. Cronbach Alpha method was used to test the reliability of the instrument, and the test yielded a coefficient of 0.73. Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions raised in the study. The results show among others that, financial literacy to a low extent influenced Agricultural Education graduates in the planning and production of Ganoderma mushrooms but to a high extent in their marketing. Based on these findings, it was recommended among others that, the Abia state Government should enhance the knowledge and skills of her citizenry in Ganoderma mushroom enterprises through awareness creation and capacity-building programmes.
Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Knowledge Among Pregnant Women in Okrika, Rivers State Nigeria
This study examined dietary patterns and nutritional knowledge among pregnant women in Okrika, Rivers State. Three specific objectives and three research questions guided the study. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. The population was 420 comprising 120 pregnant women and 300 breastfeeding mothers. The sample size for this study was 200 comprising 100 pregnant women and 100 breastfeeding women who were selected using the stratified sampling technique. A 4-point rating scale questionnaire was used to collect data through direct contact. Mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the data from the questionnaires, while independent t-test was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The major findings are that there is a low level of nutrition knowledge among the pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers. Poor nutrition attitudes by the pregnant women include: not focusing on optimal nutrition, relying on local foods, and not prioritising their food intake, while the determinants of dietary patterns amongst pregnant women include the level of one’s education, level of income, cultural beliefs, and nutrition awareness. Poor dietary patterns amongst pregnant women lead to maternal health complications, poor growth/development of the foetus and pregnancy complications. The study recommended among others that relevant agencies such as community health managers, local government authorities and public health professionals should collaborate for a comprehensive nutrition education programme that is aimed at improving the nutrition knowledge of pregnant women and women of childbearing ages.
Copyright (c) 2025 Diepiriye Fred Horsfall, Stella Oyibo Woko (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Assessment of Adoption of Digital Extension Services for Sustainable Agriculture by Farmers in Lagos State, Nigeria
This study investigated the adoption of digital extension services by rural agricultural farmers for sustainable agriculture in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study was guided by two research objectives and questions. The study employed a descriptive survey research design and a multi-stage sampling technique to choose rural farmers as respondents from five farming communities in Epe LGA namely Oriba, Ejinrin, Ilaara, Araga, and Igboye. These communities were purposefully selected in the first stage in Epe Local Government, and 100 rural farmers (20 per village) were purposefully selected at random in the second stage according to the size of the farm communities. A well-structured 20-item questionnaire, using a 5-point Likert scale was used as instrument. Three experts from Lagos State University of Education's College of Vocational and Entrepreneurship Education provided face validity validations for the instrument. The internal consistency of the instrument was 0.99 using cronbach Alpha Model. The descriptive statistics of weighted mean was used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that there is a moderate adoption rate of digital extension services by rural farmers for sustainable agriculture in Lagos State. Findings also indicated that rural farmers strongly agreed that there are barriers such as erratic power supply, high cost of data, etc. that negatively affect the adoption of digital extension services for sustainable agriculture in Lagos State. The authors recommended expanding internet and electricity access in rural areas through public-private partnerships, implementing capacity-building initiatives for farm people and introducing subsidy programmes to increase smartphone ownership among rural farmers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Idris A. Abdurrauf, Luqman A. Hussain, Mistura S. Adeyinka, Elijah A. Ibironke, Oluwole S. Ajala, B. J. O. Ayorinde (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Impacts of Artificial Intelligence Training and Upskilling for Industrial Technology Education Lecturer’s Effectiveness in Nigeria for Industry 4.0 and Beyond
This study examined the impacts of Artificial Intelligence training and upskilling for Industrial Technology Education lecturers’ effectiveness in Nigeria for industry 4.0 and beyond. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. Population for the study was 55 respondents comprising 45 male lecturers and 10 female lecturers in the Departments of Industrial Technology Education in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Abia state and Technical Education in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rivers State. No sampling was employed, as the population was manageable in size. A 54-item structured questionnaire titled “Lecturers’ Effectiveness and Artificial Intelligence Questionnaire (LEAIQ)” was used to collect data for the study. The instrument was validated by two experts from the department of ITE and one expert from the Measurement and Evaluation unit in the department of Science Education, all in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State. A reliability coefficient of .86 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha formula. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while the t-test was used to test the hypotheses at .05 level of significance. Findings of the study revealed that while ITE lecturers demonstrated high effectiveness in teaching activities, their effectiveness in research outputs and academic productivity was relatively low. The study also identified essential AI skills necessary for enhancing lecturers’ effectiveness, including computing, programming, machine learning, data analytics, and natural language processing skills. Furthermore, no significant gender-based differences were found in the lecturers’ effectiveness or perceived AI skill requirements. The authors recommend targeted AI capacity-building programmes, curriculum reforms, and continuous professional development to bridge the identified skill gaps and improve lecturers’ overall effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2025 Christopher Ndudi Okorieocha, Yannick Chidi Ugwunali, Anthony Nadum Taneh (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
School Administrators’ Personality Traits as Correlates of Academic Performance of Students in Polytechnics in Abia State
This study determined the relationship between school administrators’ personality traits and academic performance of Polytechnic students in Abia State. Three research questions guided the study with corresponding hypotheses. The study adopted a correlational survey research design. A sample of 380 Polytechnics Students in Abia State drawn from a population of 7,608 using the Taro Yamane formula was used. The study adopted a Two-staged sampling technique. Instruments for data collection were a 30-item researcher-developed questionnaire titled School Administrators Personality Trait Questionnaire (SAPTQ) and a 15-item Students’ Academic Performance Questionnaire (SAPQ) and were validated by three experts in the College of Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. The Pearson product moment correlation statistic was used to determine the stability of the two instruments, which yielded reliability indices of 9.17 and 9.11 for SAPTQ and SAPQ respectively while Cronbach Alpha was used to determine the internal consistency, which yielded .881 and .844 for SAPTQ and SAPQ respectively. Six well-briefed research assistants helped in the administration and collection of the instruments. Out of the 380 copies of the questionnaires administered, 374 copies, each representing 98 percent return rate, were retrieved and used for data analysis. Pearson product moment correlation was used to answer the research questions, while linear regression analysis was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed among others, that school administrators' openness to experience had high positive relationships with the academic performance of students in Polytechnics in Abia State. However, Extraversion and agreeableness had low positive relationships with students' academic performance. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that Polytechnics should invest in the continuous professional development of school administrators to enhance their personality traits and overall leadership effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2025 Uchechukwu Kalu, Eucharia Iheoma Ngerem (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Influence of Digital Entrepreneurial Skill Training on the Employability of Business Education Students for 21st Century Economy in Universities in Delta State, Nigeria
This study examined the extent to which Business Education students are trained in digital entrepreneurial skills relevant to the 21st-century industrial economy in South-South Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. Three research questions guided the study, and three hypotheses were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The population consisted of 107 final-year (2024/2025 academic session) Business Education students from public universities in Delta State offering Business Education programmes. The entire population was used since the size was manageable, making the study a census. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire based on a four-point Likert scale. The instrument’s validity was confirmed by three experts, while reliability was established through a test–retest procedure using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation method, yielding a coefficient of 0.73. Mean and standard deviation were employed to address the research questions, while the null hypotheses were tested with an independent sample t-test at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that the exposure of Business Education students to digital entrepreneurial skills training and its influence on their readiness for participation in the 21st-century economy remain low. Based on these findings, it was recommended that Business Education lecturers in universities should intensify efforts to equip students with practical digital entrepreneurial competencies, such as digital marketing, content creation, data analytics, and social media management—to enhance their employability in the 21st-century workforce.
Copyright (c) 2025 Frank Odiri Egajivwie, Stella Omorojie (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Effect of Four Modes Application Technique on Science Secondary School Students' Knowledge Retention in Chemistry
The paper investigated the effects of the Four Modes Application Technique (4MAT) on improving science learners’ knowledge retention in Chemistry in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State, Nigeria. The paper answered two research questions and tested two hypotheses. A quasi-experimental design was employed, specifically pre-test-posttest-post-posttest nonequivalent group design. The study sample consisted of 115 SS II Chemistry students, divided into an Experimental group (56 students) and a control group (59 students) sampled through simple random sampling technique. Chemistry Achievement Test (CAT), with a reliability of 0.90 served as a data collection instrument. Treatment group was instructed using the 4MAT method, while the Control group received instruction via the lecture method. Data were analysed using Mean, standard deviation and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results of the study revealed that there was a significant difference in knowledge retention favouring the experimental group. The study recommends adopting the 4MAT teaching strategy in Chemistry education to enhance students’ retention without gender disparity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alhaji Umate Bukar, Sa’id Ahmad Suwaiba, Ibrahim Tukur (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Assessment of Work Environment on Staff Productivity and Service Delivery in Akwa Ib­­om State College of Education, Nigeria
This study examined the effect of work environment on service delivery in Akwa Ibom State College of Education, Afaha Nsit, focusing on road networks and office facilities. Two research questions, two hypotheses and descriptive survey design was adopted to guide the study. The population comprised 606 staff members (209 academic and 397 non-academic), with a sample of 71 respondents (34 academic and 37 non-academic) selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a 12-item structured questionnaire rated on a 5-point Likert scale, validated by three experts and tested for reliability using Cronbach alpha, which yielded 0.81. Data analysis involved mean and standard deviation for research questions and t-tests at 0.05 significance level for hypotheses. Findings showed that functional internal and external road networks supported the movement of staff, students and instructional materials, reduced delays and improved access to offices and service points. Office facilities such as furniture, computers, internet access, electricity, and storage systems improved staff productivity, work efficiency and administrative performance. T-test results indicated no difference between academic and non-academic staff perceptions, showing a shared view of how these factors affect service delivery. The study concluded that work environment affects service delivery at the College and recommended maintenance of road networks, upgrading office facilities and implementing a structured facility management plan to maintain improvements and support effective institutional operations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Catherine Ubong Akpan, Constance Aniefiok Ekpoafia, George Williams Kennedy (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Investigating the Role of Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices in Lagos State, Nigeria
This study explored the role of climate-smart agricultural practices in enhancing food security in Lagos State, Nigeria. Two research objectives and questions guided the study. The study employed a descriptive survey research design and a multi-stage sampling technique to choose respondents from farm families in five villages: Igboye, Araga (Epe LGA), Ajara, Ibereko (Badagry LGA), and Tafi (Ojo LGA). These communities were purposefully picked in the first step, and 100 farmers (20 per village) were chosen at random in the second stage according to the size of the farm family. To assess Climate Smart Agriculture implementation (such as conservation tillage and drought-resistant crops) and its perceived impacts on resilience and food security, a 20-item survey using a 4-point scale was used. Three experts from Tai Solarin University of Education's College of Vocational and Technology Education provided face validations for the instrument. The descriptive statistics of weighted mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the data using SPSS. Findings showed that, due to resource and financial limitations, farmers disagreed about how much CSA methods contribute to food security, as seen by the low adoption rate. In contrast, findings indicated that farmers strongly agreed that CSA had a beneficial impact on the resilience of farming systems to climate change. For sustainable agriculture in Lagos State, the study suggests improved extension services, financial incentives, and legislative frameworks to encourage the implementation of CSA and capitalise on its resilience advantages.
Copyright (c) 2025 Babatope S. Ayejuyo, Olufemi A. Adekunle, Oluwole, S Ajala, Olusola M. Kelani, Olaiya E. Aina, Kike K. Ogedengbe, James, O. S. Banjo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Collaboration, Mentorship and Entrepreneur-Driven Mindset of Business Education Students
In the contemporary landscape of global economics, fostering entrepreneurship has emerged as a pivotal strategy for sustainable economic growth. This study investigates the relationship between entrepreneurial collaboration, mentorship, and the development of an entrepreneur-driven mindset (EDM) among business education students. The design for the study was a non-experimental correlational design. The targeted population involves 1,412 business education students. A sample size of 303 was determined and used for the study through Survey Monkey sample calculator. Simple random sampling technique was used to select individual respondents for the study. Data were collected through a structured self-administered questionnaire containing a 5-pont Likert response scale and demographic items was designed for collection of data. A reliability test was also conducted and analyzed using Cronbach Alpha coefficient method on the instrument which yielded an overall reliability coefficient of 0.83. The method used for analysis was Person Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) and Regression Analysis (RA) through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for the generated data. Findings reveal that entrepreneurial collaboration and mentorship have significant and strong positive relationship with entrepreneur-driven mindset of students. Furthermore, the interaction of collaboration and mentorship was found to enhance EDM. The study concludes that fostering collaborative networks and structured mentorship programs within business education curricula is essential for equipping students with the entrepreneurial mindset required for sustainable entrepreneurship career success in the 21st century. Implications are drawn for educators, policymakers, and curriculum developers, with recommendations for integrating mentorship schemes and collaborative projects into entrepreneurial education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zephania Mangkut, Samson Salasi Joshua, James Sunday Yunusa, Caleb Elisha Dantus, Christiana Ishaku Kullap (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Evaluation of Dental Powder Made From Selected Local Ingredients for Toothache Alleviation in Households in Port Harcourt Metropolis in Rivers State, Nigeria
Oral hygiene is fundamental to overall health and wellbeing, yet toothache remains a common oral health problem globally, particularly in regions with limited access to dental care such as Rivers State, Nigeria. Conventional remedies such as pain relievers provide only temporary relief and carry side effects, while most commercial dental powders target hygiene rather than pain management. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a natural dental powder formulated from locally available ingredients – clove, salt, bitter kola, African pepper, turmeric, and scent leaves – compared with two commercial powders for toothache management in households in Port Harcourt Metropolis. Adopting a Research and Development (R&D) design, the study involved 40 adult participants aged 25–50 years experiencing toothaches, selected from three health institutions in Port Harcourt. Chemical analysis assessed the bioactive composition of the natural powder, while oral health parameters – including Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), stain removal, sensitivity reduction, tooth whitening, microbial load, and salivary pH – were measured over six weeks. Findings revealed that the natural dental powder contained significant concentrations of eugenol, curcumin, piperine, tannins, flavonoids, and other bioactive compounds absent in the commercial samples. It achieved superior outcomes, including 52% plaque reduction, 50% gingival improvement, 67% reduction in bleeding on probing, 71% bacterial load reduction, and notable improvements in stain removal, sensitivity, and acid neutralisation. These results demonstrate that locally formulated dental powder offers a safe, affordable, and effective alternative for managing toothache and promoting oral health in low-resource settings. The study highlights the potential of indigenous ingredients in developing sustainable, culturally relevant dental care solutions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ibuchim N. Ihunwo, Onyenaturuchi A. Obichere (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Assessment of Socioeconomic Characteristics, Nutritional Status, and Challenges of Breastfeeding Mothers in Ikwerre Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria
The study examined the levels of socioeconomic characteristics, nutritional status, and challenges among breastfeeding mothers and their implications for sustainable maternal and child health in Ikwerre Local Government Area, Rivers State. Three specific objectives and three research questions guided the study. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The population was 130 nursing mothers and 61 health professionals. The stratified non-proportionate random sampling technique was used to select 97 nursing mothers and 61 health professionals. The instruments used for the data were questionnaires. The direct contact method was used to collect data. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer research questions 2-5. Epi-info 2000 was used to determine the anthropometric indices of body mass index (BMI) for the mothers. The findings revealed that majority of the breastfeeding women had averagely low income. The BMI of the mothers showed that 24.7% were underweight (<18.5kg/m2); 49.5% were normal (18.5-24.9kg/m2); 14.4% were overweight (25.0-29.9kg/m2); while 11.3% were obese (≥30.0kg/m2). Fruits and vegetables consumption were low; 3.1% skipped breakfast; 19.5% skipped lunch, and 8.2% skipped dinner. Food consumption included 45.4% (beans); 34% (bread); 8.2% (plantain); 68% (rice); and 11.3% (seafood). The nutritional challenges of breastfeeding women include: low knowledge of nutrition ( 2.77, 2.71); lack of access to quality information ( 2.61, 2.91). The author recommended among others, that families should be encouraged to prioritize the nutrition of breastfeeding women.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nkasimobu C. Dibia-Emmanuel (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Practical Skills Needed by National Technical Certificate Students in Electrical Installation and Maintenance Work Operations for Job Creation in Rivers State, Nigeria
The study determined practical skills needed by National Technical Certificate Students in Electrical Installation and Maintenance Work Operations for job creation in Rivers State Technical Colleges. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. The design of the study was descriptive survey research deign. The area of the study was Rives State in the South-South geo-political zone of Nigeria. The population of the study was 84 respondents comprising 22 electrical technology teachers and 62 electrical technology NTC II students. There was no sampling. The instrument used for data collection was a well-structured instrument titled “Practical Skill needed by National Technical Certificate Students’ in Electrical Installation and Maintenance Work Operations Questionnaire (PSNSEIMWQ). The instrument was face validated by three experts. The reliability of the instrument was determined through Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient method. A total of 15 respondents who were not part of the population of the study were used in testing the reliability of the study. The reliability coefficient of 0.75 was obtained. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while t-res was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that electrical technology students’ have little Practical Skills in electrical installation and maintenance work for job creation. It was recommended among others that electrical technology teachers should engaged students’ undergoing training in electrical installation and maintenance work with more practical work/assignment on electrical installation and maintenance work operations.
electrical installation and maintenance work
Copyright (c) 2025 Vincent I. Agwi, Sylvanus U Njoku (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
These are the Preliminary Pages of Vol. 1, No. 2, 2025 of the Educational Advancement and Development Journal (EADJ).
Copyright (c) 2025 Karen Ferreira-Meyers, Maxwell Okwudili Ede (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
EAD Journal Volume 1, Issue 2 Cover Page
This is the Official Cover Page of Volume 1, Issue 2 of the Educational Advancement and Development Journal (EADJ), 2025.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Peace, Peace Culture and Moral Education as a Panacea for Sustainable Nation-Building
The constant and ever-increasing rate of violence in Nigeria’s socio-political and economic space is dangerously making life continuously very unbearable. The issues surrounding youth restiveness are yet to have a proper tackling roadmap or solution, thereby bringing a worrisome concern on a daily basis. Furthermore, civic virtues in all spheres of life are completely in decline in addition to the upsurge of incessant cult-related activities in the country and on various campuses of higher learning. Religious and ethnic crises, among others, are of high concern. Most youths are now vulnerable instruments in the hands of politicians and political office holders, especially during elections, to be used for unwholesome errands ranging from ballot box snatching, thumb printing of ballot papers and so forth, which requires urgent attention. Irrespective of government efforts and intentions in giving Social Studies as “a subject” the right position in the National Policy of Education and also reintroducing a sister-like subject like Civic Education in the country’s educational system as instruments for inculcating national unity, morality and peace culture among the various ethnicities, it is disheartening and now a thing of concern that moral education, civic responsibility and the right sense of values are gradually shifting in our society. All manner of social vices such as cultism, bullying, equipped theft, hijacking, killings, extortion, rape, civil disobedience, cybercrime, and fraud exist. Patriotism, obedience to the law, loyalty to constituted authority, contributing to the development, peace, unity and progress of the state, amongst others, all seem to have dissipated. These cases portray a reckless negligence, weak and kindergarten attitudes towards preaching and the promotion of peace, peace culture and moral education for sustainable nation building to the citizenry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nwokah, Lawson K. (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Overhauling Senior Secondary School Chemistry Curriculum Delivery in the Face of Security Challenges in Nigeria
This paper examined the need to revamp the delivery of the Chemistry curriculum in senior secondary schools in Nigeria amid ongoing security challenges. It explored the definition of curriculum, specifically focusing on the chemistry curriculum, and discussed various issues hindering its effective implementation, including safety concerns in schools, teaching methods, and deficiencies in the curriculum itself. Furthermore, the paper offered solutions to these challenges, such as the integration of technology, learner-centred methods of teaching and representative curriculum. The conclusion emphasises the necessity of transforming chemistry education in secondary schools to prepare students for future challenges. The proposed progressive approach, integrated with technology, prioritises student learning and engagement through project-based and hands-on activities, which are crucial for practical chemistry education. Consequently, the paper suggested investing in technological resources for effective chemistry instruction, ensuring that educators receive regular training in modern and advanced digital teaching tools and implementing blended learning strategies to accommodate diverse learning needs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Michael, Olugbenga, La’ah, Deborah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Reinventing Economics Education for National Security
The imperativeness of national security to sustainable development has in recent years made it one of the main goals pursued by both developing and developed nations. Consequently, this paper focused on examining reinventing Economics Education for national security. The purpose of the study was to understand the security challenge in Nigeria, establishing the role of Economics in promoting national security and the strategies for reinventing Economics Education for national security. The paper found that the roles of Economics Education in promoting national security include that Economics Education promotes Human Capital Development, prepares individuals for productive employment, promotes national unity and imparts economic literacy that enables individuals to participate in national economic discourse and proffer solutions to issues challenging national security. Furthermore, the study found that the strategies reinventing Economics Education for national security are: by repositioning the Economics curriculum, integration of more entrepreneurial contents into the Economics curriculum to meet current needs, ensuring strict adherence to the implementation of Economics curriculum for the production of quality or competent students who can proffer solution to societal problem, provision of educational facilities and infrastructure to implement Economics curriculum and Training and retraining of Economics educators: this is another way of improving Economics Education for national security. Some suggestions were made which, among others, include that the government should improve on the budgetary allocation to the educational sector in order to provide all the necessary facilities that are needed for effective Economics Education. That there should be improved motivation of Economics educators by the government, school authority and the general public for maximum performance by the teachers, and the government should establish research centres and provide adequate funding.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ukoro, Anthony, Ede, Maxwell Okwudili (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0